山西事业单位《公共基础知识》试卷(6)

　　【导读】华图山西公务员考试网同步华图教育发布：山西事业单位《公共基础知识》试卷(6)更多资讯请关注山西华图微信公众号(shanxiht),国家公务员培训咨询电话：400-0351-222

招聘公告：山西事业单位《公共基础知识》试卷(6)
招聘人数：人	报名时间：
备考图书：点击查看省考备考图书	网校课程：点击查看省考在线课程
山西电话：400-0351-222	在线咨询：

　　Passage Two

　　Educating girls quite possibly yields a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world. Women’s education may be unusual territory for economists, but enhancing women’s contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue. And economics, with its emphasis on incentives, provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education.

　　Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else’s family and bear children. Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school-the prophecy becomes self-fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle of neglect.

　　An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices. She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance. The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as well as of boys, will be educated and healthy. The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle.

　　Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits. But it has enormous economic advantages as well. Most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by 10 to 20 percent for each additional year of schooling. Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments, but they are just the beginning. Educating women also has a significant impact on health practices, including family planning.

　　6. The author argues that educating girls in developing countries is ( ).

　　A. troublesome B. labor-saving

　　C. rewarding D. expensive

　　7. By saying “… the prophecy becomes self-fulfilling…” (Lines 4—5, Para. 2). the author means that( ).

　　A. girls will turn out to be less valuable than boys

　　B. girls will be capable of realizing their own dreams

　　C. girls will eventually find their goals in life beyond reach

　　D. girls will be increasingly discontented with their life at home

　　8. The author believes that a vicious circle can turn into a virtuous circle when ( ).

　　A. women care more about education

　　B. girls can gain equal access to education

　　C. a family has fewer but healthier children

　　D. parents can afford their daughters’ education

　　9. What does the author say about women’s education?( )

　　A. It deserves greater attention than other social issues

　　B. It is now given top priority in many developing countries

　　C. It will yield greater returns than other known investments

　　D. It has aroused the interest of a growing number of economists

　　10. The passage mainly discusses( ).

　　A. unequal treatment of boys and girls in developing countries

　　B. the potential earning power of well-educated women

　　C. the major contributions of educated women to society

　　D. the economic and social benefits of educating women

　　Questions 11—15 are based on Passage Three:

　　Passage Three

　　If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.

　　That's especially true of booming fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornell’s School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelor’s degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.

　　But in the long run, too much specialization doesn’t pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years.

　　As further evidence of the erosion of corporate faith in specialized degrees, Michigan State’s Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices, although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out generalists for middle and upper-level management. “They want someone who isn’t constrained by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture,” says Scheetz.

　　This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate. Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems, David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree, “I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things,” says Birch. Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, mathematics, economics, science, human behavior-plus a computer course or two. With that under your belt, you can feel free to specialize, “A liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combination in the marketplace,” says Scheetz.

　　11. What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?( )

　　A. Students with a bachelor’s degree in humanities

　　B. People with an MBA degree front top universities

　　C. People with formal schooling plus work experience

　　D. People with special training in engineering

　　12. By saying “… but the impact of a degree washes out after five years” (Line 3, Para. 3), the author means ( ).

　　A. most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation

　　B. an MBA degree does not help promotion to managerial positions

　　C. MBA programs will not be as popular in five years’ time as they are now

　　D. in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got

　　13. According to Scheetz’s statement (Lines 4—5, Para. 4), companies prefer ( ).

　　A. people who have a strategic mind

　　B. people who are talented in fine arts

　　C. people who are ambitious and aggressive

　　D. people who have received training in mechanics

　　14. David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people because ( ).

　　A. they are more capable of handling changing situations

　　B. they can stick to established ways of solving problems

　　C. they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fields

　　D. they have attended special programs in management

　　15. Which of the following statements does the author support?( )

　　A. Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists

　　B. Formal schooling is less important than job training

　　C. On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly

　　D. Generalists will outdo specialists in management